- 01Getting Started
- 02Your First Output (println)
- 03Working with Variables
- 04Conditionals (if statements)
- 05Loops (for statements)
- 06Writing a Function
- 07Working with Lists
- 08Loops (while statements)
- 09Classes (Object-Oriented Programming)
- 10Error Handling (try-catch)
- 11Sorting a List
- 12Recursive Functions
- 13Using the Standard Library
- 14The when Statement
- 15The if Expression
- 16Inheritance (Extending a Class)
- 17Writing Comments
- 18Logical Operators (&&, ||, !)
- 19Constants (const val)
- 20Splitting and Joining Strings (split, joinToString)
- 21Writing Null-Safe Code (the ?: Elvis operator)
- 22Searching a List (contains, find)
- 23Transforming a List (map)
- 24Two-Dimensional Lists (Tabular Data)
- 25Writing a Custom Exception Class
- 26Default Parameter Values
- 27Working with Set
- 28Checking Correctness (Your First Step into Testing)
- 29Higher-Order Functions (Passing a Function as an Argument)
- 30Stacks and Queues (Basic Data Structures)
- 31Type Conversion (Casting) Basics
- 32Intro to Regular Expressions (Pattern Matching)
- 33The Binary Search Algorithm
- 34Building a Caesar Cipher (a Character-Shifting Cipher)
- 35Understanding How Bubble Sort Works
- 36Building and Displaying Dates (Basic Year/Month/Day Operations)
- 37Writing Multiple Test Cases Together
- 38Speeding Up Calculations with Memoization (Caching)
- 39Normalizing Strings (trim, Unifying Case)
- 40Shallow Copy vs. Deep Copy
- 41Enum (Enumerated Types) Basics
- 42Flattening a List
- 43Reversing a String and Checking for Palindromes
- 44Pairing Up Two Lists (the zip operation)
- 45Rounding Numbers (floor, ceil, roundToInt)
- 46Multi-Line Strings (Triple Quotes)
- 47Functions That Return Multiple Values (Pair)
- 48Finding the GCD and LCM (the Euclidean Algorithm)
- 49Formatting Numbers (Padding Digits, Decimal Places)
- 50Cleanup Logic with try/catch/finally
- 51Writing Generic Functions
- 52File Reading and Writing Basics
- 53Generating Random Numbers
- 54Bitwise Operators (and, or, xor, shifts)
- 55Reading Command-Line Arguments
- 56Waiting for a Fixed Amount of Time (Thread.sleep)
- 57Watch Out for Floating-Point Rounding Errors
- 58Reading from Standard Input
- 59FizzBuzz (the Classic Practice Problem)
- 60Checking Whether a Number Is Prime
- 61Set Operations with Set (Union, Intersection, Difference)
- 62Converting Number Bases (Binary, Hex)
- 63Checking Balanced Parentheses (an Application of Stacks)
- 64Checking Whether Two Words Are Anagrams
- 65Checking Whether a Year Is a Leap Year
- 66Converting Temperature (Celsius to Fahrenheit)
- 67Prime Factorization
- 68[Applied] Build a Simple Inventory Management Tool
Working with Variables
In this lesson you will learn the basics of variables in Kotlin and the difference between the two declaration keywords, val and var. This is for anyone searching for "Kotlin val var how to use".
A variable is like a labelled box that stores a value under a name. val is for a value you will not change and var for one you will. Writing ${variableName} inside a string embeds the value.
The sample code declares two constants, val name = "Alice" and val age = 14, and embeds them with a string template. Reaching for val by default guards against accidental rewrites, which reflects Kotlin's safety-first design philosophy.
A common stumbling block for beginners is choosing between val and var. The rule is val when the value never changes and var when it might, but until that becomes a habit it is easy to over-use var and end up with less idiomatic, less safe code.
In real-world development, type inference lets you leave the types out and start writing concisely - another part of Kotlin's appeal.
๐งช This site can't compile or run Kotlin directly, so it checks on the spot whether what you typed matches the reference code (scoring happens entirely in your browser โ nothing is sent anywhere).